According to new research by team of scientists revealed that human teeth have developed from the same genes as the teeth of the puffer fish. The study has found that the puffer fish has a similar tooth development as other vertebrates, including humans.
Evolution of teeth
The research has found that all vertebrates have some form of dental regeneration. However the pufferfish use the same stem cells for tooth regeneration as humans do but only replace some teeth with elongated bands that form their jaws. The study’s authors, which include researchers from the Natural History Museum London and the University of Tokyo, believe the research can now be used to address questions of tooth loss in humans.
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The unique pufferfish jaws is one of the most extraordinary forms of new originality. This structure has evolved through the modification of dental replacement. The jaws composed of four extended tooth bands which are replaced again and again. However, instead of losing teeth when they are replaced, the pufferfish fuses multiple generations of teeth together, which gives rise to the jaws, enabling them to crush.
Dr Gareth Fraser and his team from the University of Sheffield have also found that shark skin teeth called denticles have the same developmental origins as reptile scales, bird feathers and human hair.
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Previous studies have revealed that human hair, reptile scales and bird feathers evolved from a single ancestor a reptile that lived 300 million years ago but this new study from the Fraser Lab at Sheffield has found that the skin teeth found on sharks also developed from the same genes.
Sharks belong to a more forming base group of vertebrates and their scales have been observed in the fossil record over the course of 450 million years of evolution, so the Sheffield researchers believe this indicates that all vertebrates, whether they live on land or in the sea, share the same developmental process for skin, teeth and hair that has remained relatively unchanged throughout vertebrate development life cycle.
